Clear from Control→Evidence

The case for a different lens

Already in your therapy room. Often without the lens.

A summary of the prevalence, presentation and clinical-mismatch evidence the pathway is built on.

Citations link to source - peer-reviewed where possible, with UK-specific data prioritised.

Last reviewed October 2026.

Sources
6
Reviewed
2026
UK focus
4 / 6
Peer-rev'd / canonical
6 / 6
The four numbers

The data is unambiguous. The training, until now, has not been.

1/4
Around 1 in 4 people aged 16+ in England & Wales have experienced domestic abuse since the age of 16.
ONS · 2025
30–60%
Lifetime prevalence of domestic violence histories among psychiatric in-patients in UK studies.
Howard 2010 · Oram 2013
1/3
WHO estimates suggest around 1 in 3 women globally have experienced physical and/or sexual violence in their lifetime.
WHO · 2021
1/5
Around 1 in 5 employees experience domestic abuse - affecting workplace wellbeing, attendance, safety and performance.
SafeLives · CIPD · EIDA
Policy context · April 2026

Recognised as a women's health priority, without specialist provision to match.

The UK government's Renewed Women's Health Strategy for England, published in April 2026, recognises domestic abuse as a women's health priority and commits to NHS-level screening for domestic abuse, including coercive control, by 2029.

"We will improve health and care for female victims of violence and abuse and ensure that whenever a victim or survivor contacts the NHS, they are met by a compassionate culture which treats them with care and dignity."

The strategy commits to identification and referral. It does not specify the specialist therapeutic practice required once survivors are referred. That is the gap this pathway closes, equipping practitioners with the stage-aware, risk-aware framework the strategy calls for in principle.

Read the full strategy →

By theme

Prevalence (UK & global)

Prevalence2025

Around 1 in 4 people in England & Wales have experienced domestic abuse since age 16

The Crime Survey for England and Wales finds 25.8% of adults aged 16+ - approximately 12.5 million people - have experienced domestic abuse since age 16. Past-year prevalence among women is 9.1%.

Office for National Statistics (2025). Domestic abuse in England and Wales overview, year ending March 2025.Read the source →
Prevalence (global)2021

WHO estimates 1 in 3 women globally have experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime

Multi-country WHO synthesis across 161 countries. The single largest analysis of violence-against-women prevalence to date. Underpins the case that intimate-partner violence is a global public-health issue, not a niche clinical one.

World Health Organization (2021). Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018.Read the source →

Mismatch with services

Mismatch2010 · 2013

UK psychiatric in-patients have substantially elevated lifetime prevalence of domestic violence

UK studies in adult mental-health settings consistently find substantially elevated rates of domestic abuse histories among service users, with disclosure increasing markedly when clinicians ask directly. Howard et al. found 30–60% lifetime prevalence in psychiatric in-patient populations; Oram et al. confirmed in systematic review.

Howard LM et al. (2010). Domestic violence and severe psychiatric disorders: prevalence and interventions. Psychological Medicine, 40, 881–893. · Oram S et al. (2013). Prevalence of experiences of domestic violence among psychiatric patients: systematic review. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202, 94–99. · Synthesis: NICE PH50 (2014).Read the source →

Post-separation continuation

Post-separation2024

Research increasingly suggests coercive control commonly continues after separation

Coercive control routes through contact, finances, legal systems, surveillance and parenting arrangements rather than ending at separation. Tutty, Radtke & Nixon's 2024 study of 346 women separated from abusive ex-partners reported 86% experiencing at least one ongoing coercive-control tactic post-separation.

Tutty, Radtke & Nixon (2024). "He Tells People That I Am Going to Kill My Children": Post-Separation Coercive Control in Men Who Perpetrate IPV. Violence Against Women, 30(11), 2853–2876.Read the source →

Children & control after separation

Children2020

Coercive control frequently continues through children after separation

Research with children and young people in the UK and Finland documents how perpetrators continue to exercise control through post-separation parenting arrangements, contact, and the children themselves. The clinical implication is that "post-separation" is often a misleading prefix where children are involved.

Katz, E. (2020). When Coercive Control Continues to Harm Children: Post-Separation Fathering, Stalking and Domestic Violence. Child Abuse Review, 29(4), 310–323.Read the source →

Workplace impact

WorkplaceMulti-source

Domestic abuse substantially affects workplace wellbeing, attendance, safety and performance

UK guidance from CIPD, the Employers' Initiative on Domestic Abuse (EIDA), TUC and SafeLives consistently identifies domestic abuse as a substantial workplace issue affecting attendance, performance, mental health, and safety. Workplace bullying complaints, performance issues, and exits sometimes overlap with coercive-control patterns at home - but the empirical mapping is clinical/qualitative, not statistical.

CIPD (2024). Bullying and harassment at work factsheet · EIDA: domestic abuse and the workplace handbook · TUC: domestic violence and the workplace guide · SafeLives: workplace impact data.Read sources →
The clinical mismatch

The data shows the prevalence. The training has been built for someone else's caseload.

Most trauma-therapy training assumes the threat has ended and the narrative is recoverable. For roughly half the cases on a typical caseload, neither assumption holds. This pathway is a structured response to that gap.

  • i.
    The lens isn't taught at qualification.Coercive control is rarely embedded in core counselling-psychology, CBT, or EMDR curricula.
  • ii.
    "Post-separation" is treated as resolution.Most protocols assume separation marks the end of threat, not its mode-shift.
  • iii.
    "High conflict" mislabels the dynamic.Family-court framing routinely flattens unilateral coercion into mutual difficulty.
  • iv.
    Stage IV protocols stall when stages I–III are skipped.Trauma processing without a stabilisation lens does not land.
For your records

Want this evidence as a one-page summary?

It comes attached to the screening tool - designed to be filed alongside a case formulation.